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A creation of Programming activity based on modelling real-world objects is called Object-Oriented Programming Paradigm. Computer Software comes to model real world objects.  Only the essential aspects of the object under the scanner are considered. For a 'Paradigm' based on Object-Oriented Programming, Object-Oriented Programming Language is deployed. Good examples of Object-Oriented Programming Languages are C++, and Java. Feasibility of a programming model is the prime criterion that dictates our programming efforts here.  Object selection, dictated by feasibility of a model, gives way to enlistment of the object attributes. We go ahead and carefully jot down the attributes. Attributes are termed as data members. Data Members feature the static aspects of the object storyline. Data Members play a role. The role played is characterised by a dynamic thrust. Such thrust sees action, and processing sets in. Member Functions that come along set the data members in a rolling stat...

A rtificially acquired abilities to think, reason, and understand is called Artificial Intelligence (AI). AI manifests in a manner that is like Human Intelligence. AI has a robust framework. Capturing the  realities around  is the touchstone AI. Captured surrounds cater to  the thinking segment of AI.  The observed reality has rough edges, and insignificant details. Unnecessary details are filtered out. These left out details are discarded. The important details of captured objects are matched with predefined objects. These predefined objects are stored in Computer memory. The predefined objects are available in a standard form.  The matching of captured objects and predefined ones is very helpful and supportive. It is an important step towards fabrication of AI. The form of final and concrete thought (the outcome of thinking) is here with us. The comparison of captured reality and samples of reality stored in Computers leads to some crystallisation of thinking ...

  A variable is an element of a Computer Program. Computers Programs are stored in Computer memory. Computer memory is also the seat of Program variables. Variables stored in Computer memory can be identified. The name given to the variable is the identifier of the variable. This identifier helps to identify the variable. A Program variable is very much useful. Computer Programmers use variables meaningfully and purposefully. Variables dish out data to Program instructions. Instructions of a Computer Program are able to use variables quite effectively.  A value that is acquired by a Program variable is used by Program instruction. Whenever a variable is encountered by a Program instruction, a simple substitution occurs. The variable is substituted by the value. This is how processing of data is helped. Let us see how we have to play with variables used in a Computer Program: ______________________________________ Integer x, y x = 4 y = 5 ______________________________________ ...

  An array is an ordered collection of elements. Each element of the array is assigned a value. An array element can be considered as a variable. All the elements of the array are indexed. Zero and whole numbers are used as indices. Indexing of the array elements is purposeful. It helps to identify the array elements uniquely. An array-name is associated with each array. The array-name once tagged, comes to be associated with each array element. In other words, the array-name becomes part and parcel of the identity of all the array elements. In such a scenario, when the same array-name  applies to each array element, the unique index of each element gives the required uniqueness. This uniqueness is acquired by each and every array element. In this way identification of the array elements is helped. In order words, uniqueness is  bestowed  upon  the array elements with the help of indices. Distinctiveness of array elements helps in data processing. We are able to...

  Data items of a Computer Program are recognized with the help of Identifiers. Identifiers serve to identify data items. Programming requires use of Identifiers. We can associate Identifiers with digits, alphabets, alphanumeric strings, and boolean values. RULES FOR IDENTIFIER FORMATION: ( 1 ) Composition of Identifiers: Only alphabet(s), underscore(s), or digit(s) can come together to form Identifiers.  ( 2 ) First Occurence Particulars:  An Identifier is declared to be invalid if a digit occurs in the Identifier at the first place. Either an alphabet , or an underscore (_) can be the occupant of the first place of a well-formed Identifier. One must be careful about the placement of digit(s). ( 3 ) Case Sensitivity Matters:  Uppercase and lowercase letters have a distinct identity. 'N' and 'n' are altogether different. 'R' and 'r' are treated differently from each other. ( 4 ) Impermissible White spaces: White space inclusion anywhere in an identifier ...

Computer Programs are processed by the CPU to give results. A Computer Program that is being processed may be suspended. The suspension of the Computer Program is controlled by the Computer.  The suspension of processing activity related to a Computer Program is reasonable. Yes, the Computer was busy with processing activity. But something more important has to be attended. This activity that is more important may originate from Computer Software or Computer Hardware.  Let us talk in a more focused way. Yes, a Computer Program is being processed. The CPU of the Computer is busy with the said processing of the Computer Program. At the same time an attempt may be made to attract the attention of the CPU.  We say that an Event has occurred while processing of a Computer Program is going on. This Event tries to catch the attention of the CPU. An Event is an activity that has special importance. As told earlier the Event may come from a Hardware Unit, or a piece of Software. T...